ANSI/ASTM D4806-1995 用作汽车火花点燃式发动机燃料的混有汽油的变性燃料酒精的规范

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【英文标准名称】:100degreescountersunkheadrivets.
【原文标准名称】:100°沉头铆钉
【标准号】:NFL21-217-1979
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:法国
【发布日期】:1979-04-01
【实施或试行日期】:1979-04-01
【发布单位】:法国标准化协会(AFNOR)
【起草单位】:
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:埋头紧固件;航空运输;铆钉;尺寸公差;尺寸;规范;平面公差;飞行器部件;飞行器设备;埋头铆钉;尺寸测量;名称与符号
【英文主题词】:
【摘要】:
【中国标准分类号】:V20
【国际标准分类号】:49_030_60
【页数】:4P;A4
【正文语种】:其他


【英文标准名称】:StandardSpecificationforImpactAttenuationofSurfacingMaterialswithintheUseZoneofPlaygroundEquipment
【原文标准名称】:游乐场设施的使用区域的表面材料的减震性的标准规格
【标准号】:ASTMF1292-2009
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:2009
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:F08.63
【标准类型】:(Specification)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:criticalfallheight;headimpact;headinjurycriterion;HIC;impact;impactattenuation;impacttest;injury;play;playground;playstructure;shock;surface;Impacttesting--sportsapplications/equipment;Instrumentalmeasurement;Playgroundequipment
【摘要】:Thepurposeofthisspecificationistoestablishminimumimpactattenuationrequirementsforplaygroundsurfacesinordertoreducetheriskofsevereheadinjuryfromfalls.Thisspecificationprovidesauniformmeansofquantifyingtheimpactattenuationperformanceofplaygroundsurfacesandisappropriatelyusedtocomparetherelativeperformanceofdifferentplaygroundsurfacingmaterials.Thisspecificationistobeusedasareferenceforspecifyingtheimpactattenuationperformanceofplaygroundsurfaces.Thisspecificationprovidesauniformmeansofcomparingtheimpactattenuationperformanceofinstalledplaygroundsurfaceswiththeperformancerequirementsofthisspecificationandwithotherperformancerequirementsexpressedintermsofdropheight.Consequently,thespecificationisappropriatelyusedtodeterminetheactualimpactattenuationperformanceofinstalledplaygroundsurfacesunderambientconditionsofuse.Incombinationwithdatarelatingimpacttestscorestoheadinjury,theinformationgeneratedbyapplicationofthisspecificationissuitabletoestimatetherelativeriskofasevereheadinjuryduetoafall.1.1Thisspecificationestablishesminimumperformancerequirementsfortheimpactattenuationofplaygroundsurfacingmaterialsinstalledwithintheusezoneofplaygroundequipment.1.2Thisspecificationisspecifictosurfacingusedinconjunctionwithplaygroundequipment,suchasthatdescribedinSpecificationsF1148,F1487,F1918,F1951,andF2075.1.3Thisspecificationestablishesanimpactattenuationperformancecriterionforplaygroundsurfacingmaterials;expressedasacriticalfallheight.1.4Thisspecificationestablishesproceduresfordeterminingthecriticalfallheightofplaygroundsurfacingmaterialsunderlaboratoryconditions.Thelaboratorytestismandatoryforsurfacestoconformtotherequirementsofthisspecification.1.5Thelaboratorytestrequiredbythisspecificationaddressestheperformanceofdrysurfacingmaterials.1.6Thecriticalfallheightofaplaygroundsurfacingmaterialdeterminedunderlaboratoryconditionsdoesnotaccountforimportantfactorsthathavethepotentialtoinfluencetheactualperformanceofinstalledsurfacingmaterials.Factorsthatareknowntoaffectsurfacingmaterialperformanceincludebutarenotlimitedtoaging,moisture,maintenance,exposuretotemperatureextremes(forexample,freezing),exposuretoultravioletlight,contaminationwithothermaterials,compaction,lossofthickness,shrinkage,submersioninwater,andsoforth.1.7Thisspecificationalsoestablishesaprocedurefortestinginstalledplaygroundsurfacesinordertodeterminewhetheraninstalledplaygroundsurfacemeetsthespecifiedperformancecriterion.1.8Theresultsofafieldtestdetermineconformanceofinstalledplaygroundsurfacingmaterialswiththecriterionofthisspecificationandarespecifictotheambientconditionsunderwhichthetestwasperformed.1.9Theimpactattenuationspecificationandtestmethodsestablishedinthisspecificationarespecifictotheriskofheadinjury.Thereisonlylimitedevidencethatconformancewiththerequirementsofthisspecificationreducestheriskofotherkindsofseriousinjury(forexample,longbonefractures).